Epic Games
From shareware to Fortnite
Tim Sweeney's Epic Games evolved from shareware publisher to Unreal Engine creator to Fortnite phenomenon, reshaping game development and distribution.
Overview
Epic Games’ journey spans gaming’s modern history. Tim Sweeney started in his parents’ basement, creating shareware games. The company built Unreal Engine, which now powers countless games across the industry. Then Fortnite made them one of gaming’s most valuable companies. Epic’s story is one of continuous reinvention.
Fast facts
- Founded: 1991 as Potomac Computer Systems, renamed Epic MegaGames (1992), then Epic Games (1999).
- Founder: Tim Sweeney.
- Headquarters: Cary, North Carolina.
- Key products: Unreal Engine, Fortnite, Epic Games Store.
- Notable games: ZZT, Jazz Jackrabbit, Unreal, Gears of War, Fortnite.
The shareware years
Epic began in shareware:
- ZZT (1991): Sweeney’s first game, with user-created content.
- Epic Pinball, Jazz Jackrabbit: successful shareware titles.
- Business model: try-before-you-buy distribution.
Unreal Engine
The technology that changed everything:
- Unreal (1998): first-person shooter that showcased the engine.
- Licensing: engine became industry standard.
- Evolution: UE4 and UE5 power modern AAA development.
- Accessibility: free for developers until royalty threshold.
Fortnite and beyond
Fortnite transformed Epic:
- Battle royale: became cultural phenomenon.
- Free-to-play: billions in revenue from cosmetics.
- Epic Games Store: challenged Steam’s dominance.
- Industry influence: cross-platform play advocacy.