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Companies & Studios

Nintendo R&D1

Gunpei Yokoi's legacy

Nintendo Research & Development 1 created the Game Boy, Metroid, and pioneered handheld gaming under the legendary Gunpei Yokoi.

NESgame-boySNES developernintendointernal 1970–present

Overview

Nintendo R&D1 was the company’s oldest game development division, led by Gunpei Yokoi until his departure in 1996. The team created the Game & Watch, Game Boy, and Metroid series. Yokoi’s philosophy of “lateral thinking with withered technology”—using proven components in innovative ways—shaped Nintendo’s approach to hardware for decades.

Fast facts

  • Founded: 1970 as Nintendo’s first R&D division.
  • Key figure: Gunpei Yokoi (1941-1997).
  • Hardware created: Game & Watch, Game Boy, Virtual Boy.
  • Notable games: Metroid, Kid Icarus, Fire Emblem.
  • Reorganisation: merged with Intelligent Systems and other units (2005).

Gunpei Yokoi’s philosophy

“Lateral thinking with withered technology”:

  • Use proven tech: avoid cutting-edge components.
  • Innovate in design: creativity over specifications.
  • Durability matters: products must survive children.
  • Cost consciousness: affordable products reach more people.

Key creations

Hardware innovations:

  • Game & Watch (1980): portable gaming with LCD screens.
  • Game Boy (1989): dominated handheld gaming for over a decade.
  • Virtual Boy (1995): commercial failure, but innovative attempt at 3D.

Game franchises:

  • Metroid (1986): atmospheric action-adventure with female protagonist.
  • Kid Icarus (1986): mythology-themed platformer.
  • Fire Emblem (1990): tactical RPG series.

See also